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1.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 34(3): 202-206, 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-775489

ABSTRACT

Reportamos el caso de una mujer de 55 años, que completo terapia antibiótica por una periodontitis con buena respuesta clínica. Posteriormente, presentó fiebre y dolor lumbar, hospitalizándose para estudio. Destacaban parámetros inflamatorios elevados y hemocultivos positivos para Streptococcus Viridans. Estudio de imágenes confirmaron espondilodiscitis de L5-S1. Se efectuó un Ecocardiograma transesogáfico (ETE), que mostró una válvula mitral de aspecto tricúspide, con prolapso del velo posterior (P2-P3) e insuficiencia severa, más una endocarditis mural auricular izquierda por lesión de jet. Se efectuó cirugía cardíaca con reparación mitral. Los hallazgos intraoperatorios mostraron el aparato subvalvular y músculos papilares habituales. Por lo tanto, el aspecto de la válvula mitral fue interpretado como una hendidura profunda del velo posterior.


We report the case of a 55 year old woman, previously treated with antibiotics for periodontitis. She was admitted with fever and lumbar pain. An elevated C reactive protein (CRP) and positive blood cultures for Streptococcus Viridans were found and infectious spondylodiscitis of L5-S1 was confirmed. Transeso-phageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed. A tri-leaflet mitral valve and prolapse of posterior leaflet (P2-P3) were found and severe mitral regurgitation was present on doppler examination In addition, a left atrial mural vegetation (jet lesion) was found. At cardiac surgery mitral valve repair and resection of the mural vegetations were performed. The papillary muscles were normal, and this tri-leaflet aspect of the mitral valve was interpreted as a deep posterior cleft with symmetrical distribution of all remaining segments.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Mitral Valve/abnormalities , Mitral Valve/diagnostic imaging , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography, Doppler , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Mitral Valve/surgery
2.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 34(2): 100-105, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-762610

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El efecto de prostanoides inhalatorios sobre la función auricular derecha (AD) en hipertensión arterial idiopática (HAP) no ha sido estudiado. Objetivo: Evaluar cambios agudos en la función AD y función diastólica del ventrículo derecho en pacientes con HAP post uso de Iloprost inhalatorio. Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes con HAP sin uso previo de prostanoides. Se realizó un ecocardiograma transtorácico basal y 30 min posterior a la inhalación de iloprost. Se midió dimensión AD, relación E/e' y strain de la AD por speckle tracking, registrando la onda negativa de contracción auricular (SaAD) y la onda positiva de la fase de reservorio (SsAD). Se midió el tiempo de inicio de la fase de reservorio AD durante el sístole ventricular. Resultados: Se estudiaron 16 pacientes (15 mujeres), con edad promedio 44 ± 7,8 años. Post Iloprost disminuyó el volumen AD (basal: 140ml, post Iloprost: 109 ml; p 0,008) y las presiones de llenado (E/e’ basal: 13, post Iloprost: 9,8; p 0,028). No se registraron diferencias en el SaAD (basal: -8,4%, post Iloprost: -8,5%; p 0,834). El SsAD fue mayor post Iloprost (basal: 8,6%, post Iloprost: 11,7%; p 0,002) iniciándose antes durante el sístole ventricular (basal: 445ms, post Iloprost: 368ms; p 0,001). Conclusión: Con Iloprost inhalatorio en pacientes con HAP se observa una reducción aguda en el tamaño de la AD y en las presiones de llenado del VD. La deformación durante la fase de reservorio de la AD aumenta y se inicia significativamente antes. Esto sugiere que el Iloprost podría mejorar en forma aguda el trabajo mecánico de la AD en paciente con HAP.


Background: The effects of inhaled prostanoids on right atrial (RA) function in patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) have not been studied. We evaluated acute changes in RA function and right ventricular diastolic function after inhaled iloprost. Methods: We included PAH patients without prior prostanoid treatment. A surface echocardiogram was performed at baseline and 30 minutes after iloprost inhalation. Measurements included RA dimensions, right E/e’ ratio and RA strain by speckle tracking, registering a RA contraction wave (RASa) and RA reservoir wave (RASs). RA time to peak of deformation during the reservoir phase was also measured. Results: We included 16 patients (15 females, aged 44±7.8 years. Post iloprost there was a reduction in RA volume (baseline: 140ml, post iloprost: 109ml; p 0.008) and right ventricular filling pressure (baseline E/e’: 13, post iloprost: 9.8; p 0.028). There was no difference in the magnitude of the RASa wave (baseline: -8.4%, post iloprost: -8.5%; p 0.834). The RASs wave was larger post iloprost (baseline: 8.6%, post iloprost: 11.7%; p 0.002), and began earlier (baseline RA time to peak of deformation during reservoir phase: 445ms, post iloprost: 368ms; p 0.001). Conclusion: Inhaled iloprost acutely reduces RA size and right ventricular filling pressure in patients with HAP It also significantly increases the magnitude of RA systolic deformation as well as making it occur earlier in RA filling phase. This suggests that iloprost might improve RA mechanical performance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Atrial Function, Right/drug effects , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation , Echocardiography , Cross-Sectional Studies , Arterial Pressure/drug effects , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(12): 1560-1569, dic. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-705576

ABSTRACT

The assessment of patients with a suspected cardiac failure aims to an early and precise diagnosis and risk stratification. Only natriuretic peptides have demonstrated to be clinically useful. Brain natriuretic peptide stands out due to its diagnostic and prognostic value. However its results should be cautiously interpreted in the clinical context, bearing in mind possible confounders. The combination of markers can provide a better risk stratification and compensates the limitations of individual markers. Each new marker gives a new insight on the underlying physiopathology of cardiac failure and proposes new therapeutic approaches.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers/blood , Heart Failure/diagnosis , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Natriuretic Peptides/blood , Oxidative Stress , Prognosis , Risk Assessment , Troponin/blood
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